The global cancer biomarkers market size stood at USD 18.94 billion in 2018 and is projected to reach USD 48.20 billion by 2026, exhibiting a CAGR of 12.4% during the forecast period
A key genetic mutation that occurs early on in cancer alters RNA “dark matter” and causes the release of previously unknown RNA biomarkers for cancer early detection, a new study by UC Santa Cruz researchers published in the journal Cell Reports shows.
Researchers examined the effects of mutations in the KRAS gene, which is among the most frequently mutated genes across all cancers, including pancreatic, lung, and colorectal cancers. KRAS is thought to be an initial “driver” mutation that leads to cancer formation, making it essential for understanding and detecting cancer at its earliest stages.
In this study, Assistant Professor of Biomolecular Engineering Daniel Kim’s lab focused on KRAS mutations in lung cancer to determine their effects on RNA “dark matter,” which is generated from 75% of the 3 billion base pairs in the human genome, with the goal of discovering new RNA biomarkers for cancer early detection.
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“The sooner you detect that someone has cancer, the more likely they will be to survive through treatment and surgery,” said Kim, who is affiliated with the UC Santa Cruz Genomics Institute, the Institute for the Biology of Stem Cells, the Center for Molecular Biology of RNA, and is an Associate Member of the Canary Center at Stanford for Cancer Early Detection. “Millions of people die from cancer every year around the world, and there is an urgent need to develop highly sensitive and specific diagnostic tests that enable cancer early detection, before it has spread to other parts of the body.”
In ongoing and future work, the Kim lab aims to further confirm their novel results by analyzing blood samples from lung cancer patients to validate that their newly identified RNA signatures are present in these patients. This will be done in conjunction with their Stanford Canary Center colleague Utkan Demirci and others at Stanford through a collaborative grant from the Department of Defense. They hope to develop a test that could detect these RNA signatures as biomarkers for the early diagnosis of lung cancer.
Additionally, they anticipate that the methods developed in this study could be used as a framework for developing an RNA liquid biopsy platform for multi-cancer early detection.
“Now that we know the RNA signatures of this very early event in cancer, this will help us develop new methods for cancer early detection, which will hopefully help save a lot of people's lives in the future,” Kim said.
This research was supported by the Baskin School of Engineering, the Department of Defense, the National Institutes of Health, and the Ken and Gloria Levy Fund for RNA Biology.
Key players covered in the global Cancer Biomarkers Market research report:
- F. Hoffmann-La Roche Ltd.
- Abbott
- Thermo Fisher Scientific
- Bio-Rad Laboratories, Inc.
- CENTOGENE N.V.
- Axon Medchem
- Sino Biological Inc.
- R&D System
- BioVision Inc.
- Myriad RBM
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